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Related Concept Videos

Colloids03:22

Colloids

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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
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Colloids and Suspensions01:17

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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...
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Colloidal solids are solid particles suspended in solution. They are usually negatively charged, attracting a compact primary layer of positively charged ions, which attract more counterions to form an electrical double layer. Electrostatic repulsion between the charged double layers prevents the particles from colliding, stabilizing the colloids. These solids are often undesirable because they can contain toxins that are difficult to remove. Coagulation is a technique that helps aggregate and...
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Colloidal precipitates01:09

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The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
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Standing Waves in a Cavity01:28

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A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
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Excess Pressure Inside a Drop and a Bubble

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The shape of a small drop of liquid can be considered spherical, neglecting the effect of gravity. This drop can further be considered as two equal hemispherical drops put together due to surface tension. The forces acting on the spherical drop are due to the pressure of the liquid inside the drop, the pressure due to air outside the drop, and the force due to the surface tension acting on the two hemispherical drops.
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Soft cavitation in colloidal droplets.

Myrthe A Bruning1, Claus-Dieter Ohl2, Alvaro Marin1

  • 1Physics of Fluids Group, Faculty of Science and Technology, Mesa+ Institute, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands. m.a.bruning@utwente.nl a.marin@utwente.nl.

Soft Matter
|January 6, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Colloidal particles in evaporating droplets within elastic media can trigger cavitation before creasing. Particle size and distribution unexpectedly influence this early cavitation, offering a new method for measuring solution tensile strengths.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Soft Matter Physics

Background:

  • Droplet evaporation in elastic media typically causes two instabilities: creasing due to elastic tension and cavitation from reduced liquid pressure.
  • Colloidal particles can alter this sequence, potentially inducing cavitation before creasing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of colloidal particle size and concentration on the onset of cavitation in evaporating water droplets within an elastic medium.
  • To understand how particle characteristics affect the transition from stable evaporation to cavitation.

Main Methods:

  • Controlled evaporation of water droplets containing colloidal particles within a defined elastic medium.
  • Systematic variation of particle size, concentration, and size distribution.
  • Observation and analysis of instability phenomena, specifically the inception of cavitation and creasing.

Main Results:

  • Cavitation can be initiated by colloidal particles prior to the creasing instability.
  • An unexpected dependence of cavitation inception on both particle size and particle size distribution was observed.
  • The presence and characteristics of particles significantly alter the cavitation threshold.

Conclusions:

  • Colloidal particle properties critically influence cavitation dynamics in evaporating droplets within elastic gels.
  • The findings suggest a novel, reliable method for accurately measuring the tensile strength of particle solutions.
  • This research provides insights into interfacial phenomena and instability in complex fluids.