Human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells trigger repair system in TAA-injured rat model via antioxidant effect

Area of Science:

• Stem cell biology
• Regenerative medicine
• Toxicology

Background:

• Oxidative stress, an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and detoxification, causes cell and tissue damage.
• Thioacetamide (TAA) induces degenerative diseases via oxidative stress, but stem cell antioxidant mechanisms in TAA-injured models are understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the antioxidant effects of placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PD-MSCs) in thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver and ovarian damage in a rat model.

Main Methods:

• Rats were induced with TAA to cause liver and ovarian damage.
• Placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PD-MSCs) were transplanted into TAA-injured rats (Tx group).
• Compared PD-MSCs engraftment, inflammatory factors, oxidative stress markers, antioxidant factors, and organ function between Tx and non-transplanted (NTx) groups.

Main Results:

• PD-MSCs successfully engrafted into damaged liver and ovarian tissues in the Tx group.
• PD-MSC transplantation significantly reduced inflammatory factors and upregulated oxidative stress factors in Tx rats compared to NTx rats.
• Transplanted PD-MSCs enhanced antioxidant factors and promoted organ functional restoration in TAA-injured rats.

Conclusions:

• PD-MSC transplantation activates antioxidant factors, triggering regeneration of TAA-induced damaged organs like the liver and ovary.
• These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of PD-MSCs for degenerative diseases driven by oxidative stress.
• The study elucidates the therapeutic mechanisms of PD-MSCs in damaged tissues, particularly the liver and reproductive system.