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COVID-19 in Pediatric Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis

Amir Saeed1, Eslam Shorafa1, Zahra Seratishirazi1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Intensive Care Unit, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348, Iran.

Pediatric Reports
|January 7, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Severe COVID-19 is rare in children, but this case highlights a fatal outcome in a 16-year-old with Granulomatosis with polyangiitis on immunosuppressants. Underlying conditions and delayed hospital admission complicated treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric critical care
  • Infectious diseases
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • COVID-19 in children is generally mild, representing only 1% of total cases.
  • Severe outcomes in pediatric COVID-19 are uncommon.
  • Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a rare autoimmune disease.

Observation:

  • A 16-year-old patient with severe COVID-19 presented with a fatal outcome.
  • The patient had a pre-existing diagnosis of Granulomatosis with polyangiitis.
  • The patient was undergoing treatment with immunosuppressive medications.

Findings:

  • Treatment included lopinavir, ritonavir, hydroxychloroquine, intravenous immunoglobulin, and continuous veno-venous hemodialysis.
  • The patient's severe COVID-19 case was complicated by the underlying autoimmune condition.
  • Delayed hospital admission was identified as a contributing factor to the poor outcome.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the potential for severe COVID-19 in immunocompromised pediatric patients.
  • Highlights the complex interplay between autoimmune diseases, immunosuppression, and viral infections.
  • Emphasizes the importance of timely medical intervention in severe pediatric cases.

Keywords:
COVID19coronavirusgranulomatosis with polyangiitiswegener

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