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Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid sperm cells are produced in the male testes. It starts with stem cells located close to the outer rim of seminiferous tubules. These spermatogonial stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to additional stem cells (meaning that these structures “self-renew”), as well as sperm progenitors, called spermatocytes. Importantly, this method of asymmetric mitotic division maintains a population of spermatogonial stem cells in the male reproductive...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Phosphopeptide Analysis of Rodent Epididymal Spermatozoa

Phosphopeptide Analysis of Rodent Epididymal Spermatozoa

Published on: December 30, 2014

Polyamines Influence Mouse Sperm Channels Activity.

Lorena Rodríguez-Páez¹, Charmina Aguirre-Alvarado^1,2, Norma Oviedo²

¹Laboratorio de Bioquímica Farmacológica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de Mexico 11340, Mexico.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

|January 7, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Polyamines in seminal fluid influence sperm function by interacting with sodium and potassium channels, potentially regulating membrane potential during capacitation. This interaction may involve sperm-specific Na+/H+ exchangers activated by cAMP.

Keywords:

channels polyamines soluble adenylate cyclase spermatozoa

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Recording Electrical Currents across the Plasma Membrane of Mammalian Sperm Cells

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Published on: February 14, 2021

Area of Science:

Reproductive Biology
Molecular Physiology
Sperm Function

Background:

Polyamines are essential polycationic compounds crucial for sperm physiology.
Sperm lose endogenous polyamine synthesis in the epididymis and reacquire them from seminal fluid.
Seminal polyamines are implicated in improving sperm motility and capacitation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the influence of polyamines (spermine, spermidine, putrescine) on sperm ion channels.
To evaluate intracellular ion concentrations ([Cl-], [Ca2+], [Na+], [K+]), membrane potential (Vm), and pH (pHi).
To elucidate polyamine-mediated regulatory mechanisms on sperm-specific channels under capacitation and non-capacitation conditions.

Main Methods:

Experimental evaluation of intracellular ion concentrations and membrane potential.
Assessment of intracellular pH (pHi) changes.
In silico analysis to support findings.

Main Results:

Polyamines did not directly affect calcium and chloride channels.
Polyamines showed interaction with sodium and potassium channels, potentially influencing membrane potential during capacitation.
Sperm polyamines may interact with Na+/H+ exchangers (NHEs) activated by cyclic AMP (cAMP) and soluble adenylate cyclase (sAC).

Conclusions:

Polyamines play a role in modulating sperm membrane potential through interactions with ion channels.
Sperm-specific Na+/H+ exchangers might be regulated by polyamines and cAMP/sAC pathways.
These findings offer insights into the molecular mechanisms of sperm capacitation.