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Multiple imputation validation study: addressing unmeasured survey data in a longitudinal design.

Claire A Kolaja1,2, Ben Porter3,4, Teresa M Powell3,4

  • 1Leidos, Inc, 140 Sylvester Road, San Diego, CA, 92106, USA. claire.a.kolaja.ctr@mail.mil.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multiple imputation (MI) can recover missing suicidal ideation data in longitudinal studies, using other depression items. While not for prevalence, MI enables analysis of otherwise excluded variables.

Keywords:
Cohort studyLongitudinal dataMajor depressive disorderMultiple imputationPatient health questionnaireSuicidal ideationSurvey data

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Psychiatry
  • Biostatistics

Background:

  • Longitudinal studies often face missing data due to questionnaire modifications.
  • Completely missing data at follow-up surveys is a challenge in longitudinal research.
  • Covariances from other survey waves may enable recovery of missing information.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the efficiency and feasibility of using multiple imputation (MI) to recover missing data in longitudinal studies.
  • To evaluate MI for imputing a completely missing item in a large cohort study.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Millennium Cohort Study (MCS).
  • Applied multiple imputation (MI) models to impute the suicidal ideation item (missing in 2007).
  • Compared self-reported and imputed values for suicidal ideation and related constructs (sleep, smoking).

Main Results:

  • MI models successfully identified suicidal ideation, with sensitivity (34-66%) and PPV (36-42%).
  • Specificity (>96%) and NPV (>97%) remained high across all models.
  • Imputed values showed similar associations with related constructs as self-reported data.

Conclusions:

  • Multiple imputation (MI) effectively allows inclusion of otherwise missing variables in longitudinal analyses.
  • Imputed suicidal ideation data correlated well with self-reported values for related constructs.
  • MI is suitable for estimating missing suicidal ideation using other depression items, but not for population prevalence.