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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

89
In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses...
89
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

107
Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

109
In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
109
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

132
Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight,...
132
Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

109
Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
109
Methods of Documentation VI: Case Management Model01:15

Methods of Documentation VI: Case Management Model

728
The case management model is a multidisciplinary approach that involves healthcare professionals from diverse disciplines, such as physicians, nurses, therapists, social workers, and pharmacists, working collaboratively to address the various needs of patients. Each healthcare professional brings unique expertise and perspectives, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of the patient's condition and tailoring treatment plans accordingly.
For example, a patient with a chronic...
728

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 22, 2025

Creation of Patient-Specific Silicone Cardiac Models with Applications in Pre-surgical Plans and Hands-on Training
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The child with medical complexity.

Manuela Gallo1, Rino Agostiniani2, Roberta Pintus3

  • 1Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.

Italian Journal of Pediatrics
|January 7, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Children with medical complexity require specialized care, presenting challenges and opportunities for healthcare. This review explores definitions, care strategies, and the unique experiences of these children and their families.

Keywords:
ChildrenChronic conditionIndividualized medicineMedical complexityPediatrics

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Healthcare Management
  • Child Health

Background:

  • Children with medical complexity (CMC) pose significant challenges to healthcare systems, families, and society.
  • These children often have chronic, severe conditions requiring lifelong, continuous assistance.
  • Defining CMC remains complex, impacting care coordination and resource allocation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review definitions and care strategies for children with medical complexity.
  • To highlight the experiences and feelings of physicians, parents, and children.
  • To explore the future of pediatrics through the lens of CMC, using prematurity as an example.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of definitions and care strategies for CMC.
  • Inclusion of qualitative perspectives from healthcare providers, families, and children.
  • Case study analysis of prematurity as a model for CMC.

Main Results:

  • Established definitions and outlined effective care strategies for CMC.
  • Provided insights into the lived experiences of all stakeholders involved.
  • Demonstrated advancements in treating CMC, particularly prematurity.

Conclusions:

  • Viewing CMC as an opportunity for clinical and societal growth is crucial.
  • An individualized, child-centered approach is essential for the future of pediatrics.
  • Understanding and addressing the unique needs of each child with medical complexity is paramount.