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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 22, 2025

Fecal micro RNA Isolation
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Associations between stool micro-transcriptome, gut microbiota, and infant growth.

Molly C Carney1, Xiang Zhan2, Akanksha Rangnekar3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.

Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease
|January 7, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Infant gut microbes and human micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) influence early growth. These molecules interact, impacting metabolic pathways and potentially regulating infant weight status and future obesity risk.

Keywords:
Infant growthmiRNAsmicrobiome

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genetics
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Rapid infant growth is a risk factor for adult obesity.
  • The gut microbiome is linked to early infant weight.
  • Interactions between microbial and host RNA expression in infants and their effect on growth are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between infant stool micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs), microbial activity, and infant growth.
  • To explore how miRNA targets in metabolic pathways might mediate these associations.
  • To understand the role of host-microbe RNA interactions in infant development.

Main Methods:

  • Collected stool samples twice from 30 infants (1 month and 6-12 months).
  • Measured stool RNA using high-throughput sequencing, aligning to human and microbial databases.
  • Assessed infant growth via weight-for-length z-score at birth and 12 months.

Main Results:

  • Increased RNA transcriptional activity of Clostridia and Burkholderia were associated with infant growth.
  • 16 of 25 human RNAs linked to growth were identified as miRNAs.
  • miRNAs showed significant target enrichment in four metabolic pathways, with associations to growth-related phyla.

Conclusions:

  • Longitudinal trends in gut microbiota activity and human miRNA levels are associated with infant growth.
  • miRNAs may regulate the gut's biosynthetic landscape and influence microbial activity.
  • These findings highlight potential molecular mechanisms linking early life gut environment to growth and long-term health.