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Functions of CD169 positive macrophages in human diseases (Review)
Yu Liu1, Yuan Xia2, Chun-Hong Qiu1
1Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China.
Abstract:
CD169+ macrophages are a unique type of macrophage subset that differ from M1 and M2 macrophages. CD169+ macrophages are present in multiple tissues and organs throughout the body and are primarily expressed in secondary lymphoid organs. These cells are primarily divided across three locations in secondary lymphoid organs: The metallophilic marginal zone of the spleen, the subcapsular sinus and the medulla of the lymph nodes. Due to their unique location distribution in vivo and the presence of the CD169 molecule on their surfaces, CD169+ macrophages are reported to serve important roles in several processes, such as phagocytosis, antigen presentation, immune tolerance, viral infection and inflammatory responses. At the same time, it has been reported that CD169+ macrophages may also serve an important role in anti-tumour immunity. The present review focuses on the research progress surrounding the function of CD169+ macrophages in a variety of diseases, such as viral infection, autoimmune diseases and tumours.
Insights
CD169-positive macrophages, distinct from M1/M2 types, are crucial in immune responses and disease. This review explores their roles in viral infections, autoimmune diseases, and anti-tumor immunity.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- CD169-positive (CD169+) macrophages represent a unique subset distinct from M1 and M2 macrophages.
- These cells are predominantly found in secondary lymphoid organs, specifically the spleen's metallophilic marginal zone and the lymph node's subcapsular sinus and medulla.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current research on the diverse functions of CD169+ macrophages.
- To highlight their involvement in various pathological conditions, including viral infections, autoimmune diseases, and cancer immunity.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies investigating CD169+ macrophage functions.
- Analysis of research on their distribution and roles in different disease models.
Main Results:
- CD169+ macrophages play significant roles in phagocytosis, antigen presentation, immune tolerance, and inflammatory responses.
- Evidence suggests a critical role for CD169+ macrophages in anti-tumor immunity.
Conclusions:
- CD169+ macrophages are vital immune cells with multifaceted functions.
- Further research into CD169+ macrophages could offer new therapeutic strategies for various diseases.
