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The Effect of Simultaneous Sand-Ice Bag Application on Hemorrhage and Hematoma after Percutaneous Coronary
Maryam Valikhani1, Seyed Mousa Mahdizadeh1, Ali Eshraghi2
1Department of medical-surgical nursing, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Insights
This study found that applying sand and ice bags simultaneously after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) significantly reduced bleeding. While hematoma also decreased, the effect was not statistically significant.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Interventional Cardiology
- Vascular Surgery
Background:
- Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a common treatment for acute coronary syndromes.
- Complications following PCI, such as hematoma and hemorrhage, can increase patient hospital stays and healthcare costs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of combined sand and ice bag application in reducing hematoma and hemorrhage after femoral angioplasty.
- To investigate a novel, cost-effective method for post-PCI complication management.
Main Methods:
- A randomized clinical trial involving 60 patients undergoing femoral angioplasty.
- Intervention group received simultaneous sand and ice bag application for specific durations, repeated in cycles.
- Control group received standard sand bag application for 4 hours. Hemorrhage and hematoma were measured post-procedure.
Main Results:
- A statistically significant reduction in hemorrhage volume and weight was observed in the intervention group compared to the control group.
- The incidence of hematoma decreased in the intervention group (20% to 6.7%), but this reduction was not statistically significant.
Conclusions:
- Simultaneous application of sand and ice bags is an effective method for reducing post-PCI hemorrhage.
- This combined approach shows potential for managing post-PCI complications, warranting further investigation for hematoma reduction.
Abstract:
Introduction: Angioplasty is widely used as a selective treatment for acute coronary syndromes. The complications of this procedure often lead to an increase in the length of the patients' stay and hospital costs. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of using sand and ice bags on hematoma and hemorrhage after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, study was completed with participation of 60 patients with femoral angioplasty candidate, referring to Imam Reza hospital in Mashhad, were randomly divided into control and intervention groups. In the control group, a sand bag was placed on the location for up to 4 hours. In the intervention group, the ice bag and the sand bag were used simultaneously for 15 minutes, and then for 45 minutes, with the pressure of the sand bag only. This cycle was repeated four times. Hemorrhage (volume and weight) and hematoma (area and lump) were checked four times. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22. Results: The rate of hemorrhage after intervention was significantly reduced in the intervention group compared to the control group. Although the incidence of hematoma in the intervention group decreased from control to 20% to 6.7%, but the statistical test was not significant. Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, the simultaneous sand-ice bag application can reduce post-PCI' hemorrhage (and hematoma rate, though insignificantly) through compression and vasoconstriction.
