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Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
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Vitamin K in CKD Bone Disorders.

M Fusaro1,2, G Cianciolo3, P Evenepoel4

  • 1National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), Pisa Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, PI, Italy. dante.lucia11@gmail.com.

Calcified Tissue International
|January 7, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vitamin K deficiency is common in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, increasing fracture and vascular calcification risks. This review examines Vitamin K

Keywords:
Bone fracturesCKDMatrix Gla proteinOsteocalcinVitamin K

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Biochemistry
  • Bone Metabolism
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Vitamin K is crucial for blood coagulation and bone health, acting as a cofactor for gamma-glutamyl carboxylase (GGCX).
  • Vitamin K deficiency is linked to increased fractures, vascular calcification, and mortality.
  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients exhibit higher rates of vitamin K deficiency and associated complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the protective role of Vitamin K in bone health specifically within the context of CKD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing existing epidemiological and clinical studies.
  • Analysis of vitamin K's biochemical functions (GGCX cofactor, SXR/PXR ligand) relevant to bone metabolism.
  • Focus on studies investigating vitamin K status and bone health outcomes in CKD populations.

Main Results:

  • Uremic conditions exacerbate vitamin K deficiency in CKD patients.
  • This deficiency correlates with a higher prevalence of bone fractures and vascular calcification.
  • Vitamin K's role in carboxylating key bone proteins (Osteocalcin) and its interaction with nuclear receptors (SXR/PXR) are highlighted.

Conclusions:

  • Vitamin K plays a significant protective role in maintaining bone health.
  • Addressing vitamin K deficiency in CKD patients may mitigate risks of fractures and vascular calcification.
  • Further research is warranted to establish optimal Vitamin K supplementation strategies for CKD patients.