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Redefining Exposure: Using Mobile Technology and Geospatial Analysis to Explore When and Where Chicago Adolescents
Amanda L Roy1, Ashley R Isaia2, Andrea L DaViera1
1Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
American Journal of Community Psychology
|January 7, 2021
Summary
This study introduces a precise GPS-based method to measure adolescent exposure to environmental risks like violent crime. GPS tracking revealed higher crime exposure rates compared to traditional address-based methods, impacting psychological functioning.
Area of Science:
- Environmental health
- Urban health
- Adolescent health
Background:
- Individual movement patterns influence exposure to environmental characteristics.
- Traditional exposure assessment methods may lack precision.
- Understanding environmental exposures is crucial for public health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose and test a novel method for precise measurement of environmental exposures using Global Positioning System (GPS) data.
- To assess adolescent exposure to violent crime in Chicago.
- To examine the relationship between GPS-based environmental exposure measures and psychological functioning.
Main Methods:
- Linked GPS coordinates of 51 adolescents to violent crime data over one week.
- Explored various spatial (660 feet/201m) and temporal (24-hour) parameters for exposure definition.
- Compared GPS-based exposure with traditional residential address-based exposure metrics.
Main Results:
- Adolescents were exposed to an average of 3.82 violent crimes per respondent using a 660-foot, 24-hour GPS operationalization.
- GPS-based exposure (126 total crimes) was significantly higher than residential address-based exposure (12 total crimes).
- GPS-based exposure measures showed stronger correlations with measures of youths' psychological functioning.
Conclusions:
- GPS data offers a more precise strategy for measuring exposure to environmental characteristics.
- Precise measurement of environmental exposures, like crime, is vital for understanding adolescent health outcomes.
- GPS-based exposure assessment can reveal critical insights into the relationship between environment and psychological well-being.
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