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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 22, 2025

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Pectin limits epithelial barrier disruption by Citrobacter rodentium through anti-microbial effects.

M Beukema1, K Ishisono, J de Waard

  • 1Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands. m.beukema@umcg.nl j.de.waard01@umcg.nl m.m.faas@umcg.nl p.de.vos@umcg.nl.

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Dietary pectin protects the intestinal barrier from Citrobacter rodentium infection by exhibiting antimicrobial effects against the pathogen. This dietary fiber intervention prevents epithelial damage and inflammation, offering a promising therapeutic strategy.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Citrobacter rodentium (C. rodentium) is a murine pathogen causing intestinal damage, diarrhea, and inflammation, analogous to human EPEC and EHEC.
  • Dietary fiber, particularly pectin, is explored for its potential to mitigate epithelial damage caused by enteric pathogens.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the protective effects of dietary pectin against C. rodentium-induced intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction.
  • To determine if pectin's protective mechanisms are structure-dependent or involve TLR2 activation.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed pectin's barrier protective effects using transepithelial electrical resistance and lucifer yellow fluxes on epithelial cells.
  • Investigated pectin's interaction with C. rodentium and other enteric bacteria (Lactobacillus plantarum, E. coli) using competition ELISA.
  • Evaluated pectin-induced TLR2 activation.

Main Results:

  • All tested pectins demonstrated barrier protective effects against C. rodentium, independent of pectin structure or TLR2 activation.
  • Pectins exhibited anti-adhesive properties by interacting directly with C. rodentium, not epithelial cells.
  • Antimicrobial activity of pectins against C. rodentium was confirmed, with minimal effect on L. plantarum and E. coli.

Conclusions:

  • Pectin effectively protects the intestinal epithelial barrier from C. rodentium-induced damage.
  • The primary protective mechanism involves pectin's direct antimicrobial and anti-adhesive effects on C. rodentium.