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Long-Range Coherence and Multiple Steady States in a Lossy Qubit Array.

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Researchers demonstrate how a simple experimental setup can create long-range entangled quantum states. Dissipation stabilizes these unique nonequilibrium steady states, which are achievable with current technology.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Many-body systems
  • Open quantum systems

Background:

  • Stabilizing entangled states in open quantum systems is challenging.
  • Interacting many-body problems typically lead to decoherence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To show that specific experimental conditions can stabilize long-range coherent states.
  • To analytically construct and characterize these novel steady states.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a locally pumped and lossy array of two-level quantum systems.
  • Explicit analytic construction of steady-state density operators.
  • Demonstrating a dissipation-based protocol for state preparation.

Main Results:

  • An extensive set of steady-state density operators, including maximally entangled states, were found.
  • A hidden symmetry was identified that stabilizes Bell pairs over long distances.
  • Unique experimental signatures for these states were determined.

Conclusions:

  • Nonequilibrium steady states with long-range coherence are achievable in simple experimental settings.
  • Dissipation can be harnessed to prepare complex entangled states.
  • The findings are experimentally accessible with current technology.