Zinc: The Metal of Life

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Human Physiology
• Nutritional Science

Background:

• Zinc's essentiality was first identified in Aspergillus niger, later recognized in rats and humans over decades.
• The adult human body contains 2-3g of zinc, distributed in organs, tissues, fluids, and cells.
• Bioinformatics suggests zinc-binding sites are present in approximately 10% of the human proteome.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the critical role of zinc in human health and biological systems.
• To compile current information on zinc's prophylactic and therapeutic applications.
• To emphasize zinc's significance in nutrition and lifestyle.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of published studies and reports on zinc's biological functions.
• Analysis of zinc's role in enzymatic catalysis and cellular neuronal systems.
• Compilation of data on zinc's impact on biological homeostasis.

Main Results:

• Zinc is essential for numerous physiological functions and enzyme activities.
• Approximately 10% of the human proteome utilizes zinc.
• Zinc plays a crucial role in cellular functions, including neuronal systems.

Conclusions:

• Zinc is a fundamental essential trace metal for human nutrition and overall health.
• Zinc deficiency can severely compromise biological system homeostasis.
• Understanding zinc's functions is vital for its therapeutic and prophylactic applications.