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Familial Mediterranean Fever with Neonatal Onset: Case Report

Kübra Arslan1, Serdar Ümit Sarici1, Gonca Kolukisa1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Ufuk University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.

Case Reports in Pediatrics
|January 8, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) can manifest in newborns as isolated fever. Early diagnosis is crucial, as FMF in infants may indicate a severe course and risk of amyloidosis.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Genetics
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive autoinflammatory disease.
  • Characterized by recurrent fever, serositis (abdominal, chest, joint pain).
  • Typically diagnosed after age 2, but early-onset cases exist.

Observation:

  • Presents a case of FMF diagnosed in the first month of life (22 days old).
  • The infant exhibited recurrent isolated fever without other symptoms.
  • This presentation mimicked neonatal sepsis or occult bacteremia.

Findings:

  • FMF can present with isolated fever in the neonatal period.
  • Early-onset FMF (before age 2) is associated with a more severe disease course.
  • Infants with early-onset FMF are at higher risk for developing amyloidosis.

Implications:

  • Highlights the importance of considering FMF in febrile infants, even with isolated fever.
  • Suggests FMF should be in the differential diagnosis for fever of unknown origin in neonates.
  • Early identification and management of neonatal FMF can potentially prevent long-term complications like amyloidosis.

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