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Potential roles of exosome non‑coding RNAs in cancer chemoresistance (Review)

Yueyue Wang1, Qian Liu1, Fengchao Wang1

  • 1Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China.

Oncology Reports
|January 8, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Non-coding RNAs within exosomes play a crucial role in mediating chemoresistance in various cancers. Understanding these exosomal non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) is key to overcoming drug resistance and improving cancer treatment outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Chemoresistance limits cancer treatment efficacy and often leads to relapse.
  • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are regulatory molecules implicated in tumor drug resistance.
  • Exosomes facilitate cell-to-cell communication, transferring biological information, including ncRNAs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the roles of exosomal ncRNAs in cancer.
  • To discuss the involvement of exosomal microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs in chemoresistance.
  • To highlight the potential of targeting exosomal ncRNAs for overcoming cancer drug resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on exosomal ncRNAs and chemoresistance.
  • Analysis of the mechanisms by which exosomal ncRNAs mediate drug resistance.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on microRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in exosomal communication.

Main Results:

  • Exosomal ncRNAs, including miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, are key mediators of intercellular communication in cancer.
  • These exosomal ncRNAs can be transferred between cancer cells, influencing their drug response.
  • Specific exosomal ncRNAs have been identified that promote or inhibit chemoresistance in various tumor types.

Conclusions:

  • Exosomal non-coding RNAs represent a significant mechanism driving chemoresistance in cancer.
  • Targeting the exchange of these exosomal ncRNAs offers a promising therapeutic strategy to combat cancer drug resistance.
  • Further research into exosomal ncRNA function is crucial for developing novel cancer treatment approaches.
Keywords:
exosomelong non-coding RNAsmicroRNAscircular RNAscancerchemoresistance

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