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Multifunctional nanoparticle PEG‑Ce6‑Gd for MRI‑guided photodynamic therapy.

Dan Xu1, Aju Baidya1, Kai Deng2

  • 1Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China.

Oncology Reports
|January 8, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Novel hydrophilic nanoparticles combining polyethylene glycol (PEG)‑chlorin e6 (Ce6) and gadolinium (Gd3+) show promise for glioma treatment. These PEG‑Ce6‑Gd nanoparticles are non-toxic without laser but effective against tumors with laser, offering potential for improved brain tumor management.

Keywords:
theranosticsmagnetic resonance imagingphotodynamic therapyphotosensitizerchlorin e6gadolinium

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Gliomas are aggressive primary brain tumors with poor prognosis despite multimodal treatments.
  • Photodynamic therapy (PDT) offers a selective, non-invasive approach for glioma treatment, but photosensitizer limitations hinder efficacy.
  • Hydrophobic photosensitizers lead to poor solubility, rapid clearance, and low bioavailability, necessitating improved delivery systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and evaluate novel hydrophilic polyethylene glycol (PEG)‑chlorin e6 (Ce6) chelated gadolinium ion (Gd3+) nanoparticles (PEG‑Ce6‑Gd NPs) for glioma diagnosis and therapy.
  • To assess the in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo therapeutic efficacy of PEG‑Ce6‑Gd NPs in a mouse glioma model.
  • To investigate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) properties and combined diagnostic and therapeutic potential of the developed nanoparticles.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of hydrophilic PEG‑Ce6‑Gd NPs via chelation and self-assembly.
  • In vitro cytotoxicity assays of PEG‑Ce6‑Gd NPs with and without laser irradiation.
  • In vivo studies in mice with glioma xenografts, including tumor size/weight assessment, histological analysis, and MRI.
  • Evaluation of T1-weighted contrast performance and in vivo contrast enhancement.

Main Results:

  • PEG‑Ce6‑Gd NPs exhibited no significant toxicity to tumor cells without laser irradiation but showed enhanced cytotoxicity upon laser activation.
  • Significant reduction in brain tumor size and weight was observed in mice treated with PEG‑Ce6‑Gd NPs and laser.
  • The nanoparticles demonstrated favorable T1-weighted MRI contrast performance and significant tumor-site enhancement post-injection.
  • Synergistic photodynamic antitumor effects and antineoplastic capabilities were identified.

Conclusions:

  • Hydrophilic PEG‑Ce6‑Gd NPs are effective and selective for glioma treatment via photodynamic therapy.
  • The nanoparticles possess excellent MRI contrast properties, enabling combined diagnosis and therapy.
  • PEG‑Ce6‑Gd NPs show significant potential for clinical application in glioma management and other cancers.