Caliceal diverticulum with ureteropelvic junction obstruction in a dysplastic kidney: a pediatric case report

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Urology
• Congenital Anomalies
• Renal Pathophysiology

Background:

• Caliceal diverticulum is an uncommon condition in pediatric patients.
• Its development is frequently linked to ureteropelvic junction malformations and renal dysplasia.
• These complex congenital disorders require careful evaluation and management in infants.

Observation:

• A case involving an infant with a left kidney exhibiting a renal cyst and hydronephrosis detected prenatally.
• Postnatal diagnosis confirmed hydronephrosis secondary to ureteropelvic junction obstruction and a caliceal diverticulum within a dysplastic left kidney.
• Despite significantly diminished left renal function, the infant remained asymptomatic.

Findings:

• The infant presented with a complex interplay of ureteropelvic junction obstruction, renal dysplasia, and caliceal diverticulum.
• Severe reduction in left renal function did not manifest with any clinical symptoms in the patient.
• Conservative management was chosen due to the absence of symptoms, with ongoing monitoring.

Implications:

• This case underscores the potential for asymptomatic presentation of complex renal anomalies in infants.
• It suggests that conservative management may be appropriate for certain pediatric patients with significant renal dysfunction but no symptoms.
• Further long-term follow-up is essential to monitor the progression and potential late-onset symptoms of such conditions.