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Topological Twists in Nature.

Jennifer Michelle Simien1, Ellinor Haglund1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA.

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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pierced Lasso Topology (PLT) proteins, previously unnoticed, are common and may act as molecular switches. This review explores their biological roles and impact on human health.

Keywords:
Pierced Lasso Topologycysteinesdisulfide bondsmolecular switchesprotein topology

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Structural Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Protein entanglement and complex topologies have garnered interest for decades.
  • The Pierced Lasso Topology (PLT) is a recently identified protein structure characterized by a covalent bond forming an intramolecular loop with free termini.
  • PLTs are prevalent, found in 18% of disulfide-containing proteins across all life forms, yet often overlooked in well-studied systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the biological implications of the Pierced Lasso Topology.
  • To investigate the role of PLT-forming disulfides as potential molecular switches.
  • To explore the connection between PLTs and human health.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on protein topologies.
  • Analysis of protein databases to identify PLT prevalence.
  • Biophysical and biological function analysis of PLT-containing proteins.

Main Results:

  • Pierced Lasso Topologies are a significant class of protein structures, comprising 18% of disulfide-containing proteins.
  • PLTs have been present but unrecognized in many previously researched protein systems.
  • The disulfide bond in PLTs may function as a regulatory switch influencing protein activity.

Conclusions:

  • The Pierced Lasso Topology is a widespread and biologically relevant protein structural motif.
  • Understanding PLTs is crucial for deciphering protein function and regulation.
  • PLTs represent a potential target for understanding and improving human health outcomes.