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Bioavailable fluoride in calcium-containing dentifrices.

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Calcium in toothpaste can reduce fluoride effectiveness. Casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) toothpaste maintained nearly 100% fluoride bioavailability, unlike calcium carbonate formulas.

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Science
  • Materials Science
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Calcium compounds in toothpaste can interact with fluoride ions, potentially reducing their bioavailability and anti-caries efficacy.
  • Understanding the interaction between different calcium sources and fluoride is crucial for developing effective oral hygiene products.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the total and bioavailable fluoride levels in commercial dentifrices containing various calcium forms.
  • To compare the fluoride bioavailability of dentifrices formulated with calcium carbonate versus casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP).

Main Methods:

  • Six commercial dentifrices with different calcium and fluoride compositions were tested.
  • Simulated toothbrushing was performed by mixing dentifrice with water.
  • Total and bioavailable fluoride concentrations were measured using a modified microdiffusion method and a fluoride ion-selective electrode.

Main Results:

  • All tested dentifrices showed total fluoride levels consistent with label claims (94%-105%).
  • Dentifrices containing calcium carbonate exhibited significantly lower bioavailable fluoride (27%-61%) due to insoluble fluoride phase formation.
  • A dentifrice with casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) demonstrated high fluoride bioavailability (97%).

Conclusions:

  • Casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) effectively stabilizes calcium and fluoride ions, maintaining high fluoride bioavailability in dentifrices.
  • Calcium carbonate in dentifrices significantly reduces fluoride bioavailability, potentially impacting caries prevention efficacy.
  • CPP-ACP represents a promising formulation strategy for enhancing the efficacy of fluoride dentifrices.