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Related Concept Videos

Pericarditis III: Medical Management01:17

Pericarditis III: Medical Management

108
The primary objectives of managing pericarditis are to determine the underlying cause, provide effective therapy for treatment and symptom relief, and promptly detect signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade. The following outlines the essential aspects of medical management for pericarditis:ObjectivesDetermine the Cause: Identifying the underlying cause of pericarditis is crucial for targeted treatment. Causes include viral infections, autoimmune diseases, post-cardiac injury syndrome, and...
108
Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:19

Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

145
Pericarditis is distinguished by inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac that encases the heart. It can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for over three months. Understanding its clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings is crucial for timely and effective management.Clinical ManifestationsWhile pericarditis can be asymptomatic, it usually presents with characteristic symptoms such as:Chest Pain: The most characteristic symptom of pericarditis is chest...
145
Pericarditis I: Introduction01:22

Pericarditis I: Introduction

132
Pericarditis is defined as the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This condition can cause significant chest pain and other symptoms, often necessitating medical intervention. The pericardium has two layers: the inner visceral layer and the outer parietal layer, separated by a small amount of fluid that reduces friction during heartbeats.Types of PericarditisPericarditis can be classified into several types based on the duration and nature of the...
132
Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

207
Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...
207
Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

227
The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
227
Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

153
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
153

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Updated: Nov 22, 2025

A Model of Cardiac Remodeling Through Constriction of the Abdominal Aorta in Rats
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Constrictive Pericarditis after Open Heart Surgery: A 20-Year Case Controlled Study.

Abel E Moreyra1, Nora M Cosgrove1, Stavros Zinonos1

  • 1Cardiovascular Institute, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.

International Journal of Cardiology
|January 9, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Constrictive pericarditis after open heart surgery (OHS) is rare but linked to valve disease, atrial fibrillation, and kidney issues. This complication significantly increases long-term mortality risk, necessitating prompt clinical recognition and management.

Keywords:
Constrictive pericarditisOpen heart surgerySurvival

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiac Surgery
  • Clinical Outcomes

Background:

  • Constrictive pericarditis (CP) is an infrequent but serious complication following open heart surgery (OHS).
  • Etiologic determinants and prognostic factors for post-operative CP remain incompletely understood.
  • This study aims to identify clinical predictors and long-term outcomes of CP after OHS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate clinical predictors of constrictive pericarditis (CP) after open heart surgery (OHS).
  • To evaluate the long-term prognosis associated with post-operative CP.
  • To identify patient characteristics associated with increased risk of developing CP post-OHS.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 142,837 patient records from the Myocardial Infarction Data Acquisition System database (1995-2015).
  • Identification of 91 patients hospitalized with CP ≥30 days post-OHS, matched with controls.
  • Utilized Chi-square tests, Cox proportional hazard models, and log-rank tests for statistical analysis.

Main Results:

  • Patients with CP were more likely to have a history of valve disease, atrial fibrillation, chronic kidney disease, and previous OHS.
  • A significantly higher 7-year mortality rate was observed in patients with CP compared to matched controls.
  • The increased mortality risk associated with CP became statistically significant within 1 year post-surgery.

Conclusions:

  • Constrictive pericarditis is a rare OHS complication, more prevalent in patients with pre-existing valve disease, atrial fibrillation, renal disease, or prior OHS.
  • CP is associated with an unfavorable long-term prognosis, including increased mortality.
  • Early recognition and management of post-OHS CP are crucial given the high volume of OHS procedures.