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Related Concept Videos

Preclinical Development: Overview01:28

Preclinical Development: Overview

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Preclinical development consists of a series of tests that ensure the safety and efficacy of a new therapeutic compound before it is tested in humans. There are four main phases to this process. First, safety pharmacology tests are conducted to ensure the drug does not produce any acutely harmful effects. These tests examine parameters such as bronchoconstriction, cardiac dysrhythmias, blood pressure changes, and ataxia. Next, preliminary toxicological testing is performed to determine the...
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Conjugated Proteins02:50

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Simple proteins and protein complexes contain only amino acids. In contrast, many other proteins, called conjugated proteins, covalently bond with non-protein moieties.
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Cancer Vaccines01:30

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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
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COVID-19: Coronavirus Vaccine Development Updates.

Jing Zhao1, Shan Zhao1, Junxian Ou1

  • 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

Frontiers in Immunology
|January 11, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Developing safe and effective vaccines is crucial for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. This review analyzes vaccine progress against SARS-CoV-2 and related betacoronaviruses, offering insights for future vaccine design.

Keywords:
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)Middle-East Respiratory SyndromeSevere Acute Respiratory SyndromeSevere Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2vaccine

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, has resulted in a global pandemic with significant fatalities.
  • Vaccines are the most effective strategy for pandemic control, yet globally approved options remain limited.
  • There is an urgent need for safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and analyze vaccine development progress against SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2.
  • To provide insights and a reference for COVID-19 vaccine design and development.
  • To examine various vaccine platforms including inactivated, live attenuated, subunit, virus-like particles, nucleic acid, and viral vector vaccines.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and analysis of vaccine research progress.
  • Comparative analysis of vaccine strategies against different betacoronaviruses.
  • Examination of ongoing clinical trials for COVID-19 vaccines.

Main Results:

  • Over 200 COVID-19 vaccine candidates are in development, with 44 in human trials.
  • Existing vaccine approvals are limited, highlighting the need for further development.
  • Diverse vaccine platforms are being explored for efficacy against SARS-CoV-2.

Conclusions:

  • Vaccine development against SARS-CoV-2 is progressing rapidly, utilizing various platforms.
  • Understanding betacoronavirus vaccine research provides valuable insights for COVID-19 vaccine design.
  • Continued research and development are essential to meet the global demand for effective COVID-19 vaccines.