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Predisposing risk factors for COVID-19 infection: A case-control study
Fatemeh Shahbazi1, Manoochehr Solgi1, Salman Khazaei1
1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine
|January 11, 2021
Summary
This study identified key risk factors for COVID-19 infection in Iran, including male gender, older age, urban living, and comorbidities. These findings help protect high-risk populations from coronavirus disease 2019.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic presented significant global health challenges.
- Limited research exists on COVID-19 risk factors, particularly in developing nations.
- This study investigated COVID-19 infection risk factors in western Iran.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify epidemiological factors associated with COVID-19 infection.
- To provide data for targeted public health interventions in Iran.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study was conducted in Nahavand county, western Iran (February-April 2020).
- Cases were confirmed positive for coronavirus disease 2019; controls were negative but symptomatic.
- Multivariable logistic regression analyzed epidemiological variables' impact on COVID-19 incidence.
Main Results:
- Male gender (OR=1.82), age over 60 (OR=2.04), urban residence (OR=1.79), and being married (OR=2.08) were significant risk factors.
- History of contact with infected individuals (OR=5.61) and comorbidities (OR=1.78) also increased COVID-19 risk.
- All identified factors showed statistical significance (P<0.05).
Conclusions:
- This research highlights critical factors contributing to COVID-19 infection.
- Findings can inform strategies to protect vulnerable groups.
- Understanding these risk factors is crucial for pandemic control efforts.
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