Prevention of preterm birth in multiples

Multifetal pregnancy carries increased risk of preterm delivery, and consensus on management options to prevent early birth in this population has not been reached. This review serves to summarize the most contemporary findings on this controversial topic.

Examination-indicated cerclage is effective in reducing preterm birth in twin pregnancies, whereas cerclages for other indications are less convincing. Cervical pessary may be beneficial for patients with a short cervix and in those who have had threatened preterm labor. Progesterone supplementation for multifetal gestation alone is not beneficial, but it can be considered in those with a history of prior singleton preterm birth.

Interventions for preterm birth prevention in multiple gestations remain under investigation, and further data is required in order to reach consensus for this high-risk population.