Recent Progress in the Selective Functionalization of P(O)-OH Bonds

Area of Science:

• Organic Chemistry
• Organophosphorus Chemistry
• Catalysis

Background:

• Organic phosphorus compounds are vital in chemical industries.
• Phosphorylation reagents with P(O)-OH bonds offer stability, environmental friendliness, and cost-effectiveness over P-X or P-H compounds.
• Selective functionalization of P(O)-OH bonds for P-C and P-Z bond formation remains understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advancements in the selective functionalization of P(O)-OH bonds.
• To showcase methods for fabricating P-C and P-Z bonds from P(O)-OH precursors.
• To emphasize the role of transition metal and organic molecule catalysis in these transformations.

Main Methods:

• Utilizing the weak coordination of the P=O bond with transition metals to activate P(O)-OH bonds.
• Employing transition metals and small organic molecules as catalysts.
• Focusing on cyclization, cross-coupling, and esterification reactions.

Main Results:

• Demonstrated selective functionalization of P(O)-OH bonds is achievable.
• Successful fabrication of P-C and P-Z bonds through catalyzed reactions.
• Highlighted the versatility of P(O)-OH compounds as versatile synthons.

Conclusions:

• P(O)-OH bonds can be selectively functionalized, offering a stable and green alternative.
• Catalysis, particularly using transition metals, is key to activating these bonds for P-C and P-Z bond formation.
• This review consolidates recent progress, paving the way for broader applications of P(O)-OH compounds.