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Neuropsychological Assessment and Screening in Heart Failure: a Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review
Eric J Connors1,2,3, Alexander O Hauson4,5,6, Brianna D Barlet1,3
1California School of Professional Psychology, Clinical Psychology PhD Program, San Diego, CA, USA.
Neuropsychology Review
|January 11, 2021
Summary
Heart failure significantly impacts cognitive abilities, particularly executive functioning and memory. Standardized tests can reliably screen for these prevalent neurocognitive changes in heart failure patients.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Cardiology
- Psychology
Background:
- Heart failure is associated with various neuropsychological changes.
- The specific cognitive domains most affected and sensitive measurement tools remain unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify the most impacted neuropsychological abilities in heart failure patients.
- To determine the sensitivity of specific tests in measuring these impacts.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search across eight databases.
- Inclusion of studies with heart failure and control groups using standardized neuropsychological tests.
- Exclusion of studies involving other organ failures or comparing heart failure classes.
Main Results:
- 33 articles (n=8900) met inclusion criteria, analyzing 20 neuropsychological domains.
- Significant performance differences between heart failure and control groups were found in most domains, excluding simple motor functioning and confrontation naming.
- Executive functioning, global cognition, complex psychomotor speed, and verbal memory showed the greatest deficits.
Conclusions:
- Heart failure leads to diffuse cognitive impairment, predominantly affecting higher-level cognitive processes.
- Neuropsychological impairment is prevalent in heart failure patients, necessitating reliable screening.
- Screening and assessment can inform medical treatment and improve patient care management.
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