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The use of CRISPR/Cas9-based gene editing strategies to explore cancer gene function in mice

Louise van der Weyden1, Jos Jonkers2, David J Adams1

  • 1Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom.

Current Opinion in Genetics & Development
|January 11, 2021
PubMed

Insights

CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing tools precisely alter DNA in vivo, enabling the creation of accurate cancer models. These versatile systems facilitate genetic screens and base editing for advancing cancer research.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • CRISPR/Cas9 systems have transformed gene editing capabilities.
  • Precise in vivo genetic modifications can now mimic human cancer events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review CRISPR/Cas9 system variations and their applications.
  • To highlight the generation of clinically relevant cancer mouse models using CRISPR/Cas9.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing CRISPR/Cas9 for germline/somatic loss-of-function and chromosomal rearrangements.
  • Employing CRISPR/Cas9 for forward genetic screens to identify driver genes.
  • Leveraging base editors fused to catalytically inactive Cas9 for single-base precision editing.

Main Results:

  • CRISPR/Cas9 enables constitutive or spatiotemporally controlled genetic modifications.
  • CRISPR/Cas9 facilitates the identification of novel cancer driver genes.
  • Base editing offers precise single-nucleotide genome modification.

Conclusions:

  • CRISPR/Cas9 systems offer diverse 'flavors' for genetic manipulation.
  • These systems are instrumental in developing advanced mouse models for cancer research.

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