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The Importance of Early Recognition, Timely Management, and the Role of Healthcare Providers in Multisystem
Ji Hyuk Lee1,2, Heon Seok Han1,2, Joon Kee Lee2,3
1Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea.
Insights
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare condition following COVID-19. Early recognition and prompt treatment are crucial for recovery in pediatric patients.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric infectious diseases
- Pediatric critical care medicine
- Pediatric rheumatology
Background:
- The emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been associated with various clinical manifestations in children.
- Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is an uncommon but serious condition linked to prior COVID-19 infection.
Observation:
- A 12-year-old boy with confirmed COVID-19 developed MIS-C three weeks post-infection.
- Initial symptoms included high fever and abdominal pain, mimicking appendicitis, highlighting the importance of considering COVID-19 history.
- The patient presented with symptoms that could be easily overlooked without awareness of preceding COVID-19.
Findings:
- The patient received a diagnosis of MIS-C following a history of polymerase chain reaction-confirmed COVID-19.
- Treatment involved two doses of intravenous immunoglobulin administered 24 hours apart.
- The patient experienced a full recovery without any lasting adverse effects.
Implications:
- Early recognition of MIS-C in children is vital, especially in those with a recent COVID-19 diagnosis.
- Prompt medical management, including timely immunoglobulin therapy, is critical for favorable outcomes.
- Increased awareness among healthcare providers can prevent misdiagnosis and ensure timely intervention for MIS-C.
Abstract:
In April 2020, a pediatric report of an unusual inflammatory illness associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) led to similar cases in Europe and North America, which was referred to as multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Herein, we describe the case of a 12-year-old boy who had a history of polymerase chain reaction-confirmed COVID-19 and developed MIS-C approximately three weeks after an initial diagnosis of COVID-19. High fever with abdominal pain mimicking appendicitis was the initial manifestation of MIS-C, which could have been easily missed if the patient's history of COVID-19 was ignored. Intravenous immunoglobulin was administered twice, 24 hours apart, five days after the onset of MIS-C, and the patient fully recovered without any obvious sequelae. Early recognition by disease awareness and prompt management are the keys to saving the lives of children affected by MIS-C.
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