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Cell Adhesion in Plants01:14

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Plants have rigid cell walls that are made up of cell wall polysaccharides that mediate cell-cell adhesion. The primary cell walls of plants consist of two independent and interacting polysaccharide networks: a pectin matrix that embeds the second network comprising cellulose and hemicelluloses.
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The extracellular matrix or ECM holds cells together to form a tissue and allows the cells within the tissue to communicate. ECM comprises proteins such as fibronectin, collagen, laminin, etc. The most abundant protein in this space is collagen. Collagen fibers are interwoven with carbohydrate-containing protein molecules called proteoglycans. ECM allows cell migration and provides a structural scaffold at cell adhesion that anchors the cell when the extracellular matrix proteins interact with...
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Adhesion occurs when one type of molecule is attracted to a different molecule. Water exhibits adhesive properties in the presence of polar surfaces, such as glass or cellulose in plants. For instance, when water is poured into a glass, the positively charged hydrogen molecules of water are more attracted to the negatively charged oxygen molecules in the silica than to the oxygen in neighboring water molecules.
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Thin Film Composite Silicon Elastomers for Cell Culture and Skin Applications: Manufacturing and Characterization
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Combining Nonadhesive Materials into Microstructured Composite Surfaces Induces Cell Adhesion and Spreading.

Maritza Muñiz Maisonet1, Kranthi Kumar Elineni2, Ryan G Toomey2

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering and ‡Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States.

ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
|January 12, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Researchers enhanced cell adhesion to non-adhesive materials by combining surface topography and chemistry. Microscopic fibers improved cell attachment, with significant cell spreading observed when fiber chemistry differed from the underlying surface.

Keywords:
cell adhesionelectrospun fiberspoly(N-isopropylacrylamide)surface chemistrytopography

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials science
  • Cell biology
  • Surface chemistry

Background:

  • Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) and triethylene glycol-terminated alkanethiols (EG3SAM) are poorly adhesive materials for cell attachment.
  • Enhancing cell adhesion is crucial for various biomedical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the synergistic effects of surface topography and chemical functionality on cell adhesion and spreading.
  • To improve cell adhesion on typically non-adhesive materials.

Main Methods:

  • Electrospun poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) fibers were used as topographical cues.
  • Fibers were deposited onto both PNIPAAm and EG3SAM surfaces.
  • Cell adhesion and spreading were quantified and compared between surfaces.

Main Results:

  • Cell adhesion increased significantly with fiber deposition on both surfaces.
  • Optimal cell adhesion (nearly 100%) and enhanced spreading occurred on EG3SAM with fibers.
  • Cell spreading was minimal on PNIPAAm surfaces, even with fibers, and focal adhesions were observed only on EG3SAM.

Conclusions:

  • Sparse topographical features can promote cell adhesion on non-adhesive materials.
  • Chemical dissimilarity between topographic features and the background is essential for significant cell spreading.
  • Microtextured composites of non-adhesive materials can achieve high cell adhesion and spreading comparable to strongly adhesive surfaces.