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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...
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Contextual Control of Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Function: Implications for Engineered Tumor Models.

Katharina Wittmann1, Claudia Fischbach2

  • 1Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering and ‡Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States.

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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) can promote tumor growth by becoming myofibroblasts. Advanced 3D biomanufacturing models are needed to study this process and develop new cancer therapies.

Keywords:
adipose-derived stem cellsbiomanufactured tumor modelsdisease microenvironmentmyofibroblast differentiationtissue engineeringtumor−stroma interactions

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cell Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are multipotent, making them valuable for regenerative medicine.
  • ASCs can differentiate into myofibroblasts, which are implicated in tumor development.
  • Current 3D culture models lack the complexity to fully understand ASC behavior in the tumor microenvironment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the pro-tumorigenic plasticity of ASCs.
  • To review how the tumor microenvironment influences ASC differentiation.
  • To highlight advanced biomanufacturing technologies for creating in vivo-like 3D tumor models.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on ASC differentiation and tumor microenvironment.
  • Discussion of biomanufacturing strategies for 3D cell culture.
  • Analysis of how engineered microenvironments can model ASC fate.

Main Results:

  • ASCs exhibit plasticity, contributing to tumorigenesis in various disease contexts.
  • Lack of appropriate 3D models hinders understanding of ASC-driven tumor pathogenesis.
  • Advanced biomanufacturing can create sophisticated 3D models to study ASCs.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding ASC differentiation in the tumor microenvironment is crucial for cancer therapy.
  • Engineered 3D models integrating stromal parameters are essential for future research.
  • Targeting ASC-dependent microenvironmental factors may lead to improved anticancer strategies.