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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 21, 2025

Quantifying Learning in Young Infants: Tracking Leg Actions During a Discovery-learning Task

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Published on: June 1, 2015

The Developmental Trajectory of Nonadjacent Dependency Learning.

Rebecca Gómez¹, Jessica Maye²

¹Department of Psychology University of Arizona.

Infancy : the Official Journal of the International Society on Infant Studies

|January 12, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Infants learn nonadjacent dependencies in language gradually. Twelve-month-olds struggled, but 15-month-olds showed emerging ability to track these complex linguistic structures.

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Area of Science:

Developmental psychology
Linguistics
Cognitive science

Background:

Nonadjacent dependency learning is crucial for language acquisition.
Previous research indicates high variability aids dependency perception.
The developmental trajectory of this learning in infants remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the developmental progression of nonadjacent dependency learning in infants.
To examine infant ability to track grammatical structures with variable intervening elements.
To determine the age at which infants begin to acquire such dependencies.

Main Methods:

Infants were exposed to artificial languages with specific grammatical rules ([aXc or bXd] or [aXd or bXc]).
The study manipulated the variability of the intervening element (X).
Experiments involved 12- and 15-month-old infants, replicating and extending prior work.

Main Results:

Twelve-month-old infants did not track the nonadjacent dependencies under the tested conditions.
Fifteen-month-old infants demonstrated an emerging ability to learn these structures.
Subtle variability manipulations influenced learning outcomes.

Conclusions:

Infant capacity for nonadjacent dependency learning develops between 12 and 15 months of age.
This developmental progression suggests a gradual acquisition of complex linguistic structures.
Findings inform our understanding of early language acquisition mechanisms in infants.