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Developmental aspects of atrioventricular septal defects
1Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Leiden, The Netherlands.
International Journal of Cardiology
|January 1, 1988
Summary
Deficiency in the inlet ventricular septum causes abnormal left valve morphology in human embryos with atrioventricular septal defects. This defect impacts leaflet formation and attachment, affecting heart development.
Area of Science:
- Embryology
- Cardiovascular Science
- Developmental Biology
Background:
- Atrioventricular septal defects (AVSDs) are congenital heart abnormalities.
- Understanding the morphological basis of AVSDs is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the morphological characteristics of human embryos with atrioventricular septal defects.
- To compare malformed embryos with normal autopsy specimens, focusing on septal leaflet attachments.
Main Methods:
- Morphological analysis of three human embryos with AVSDs.
- Comparison with 67 autopsy specimens of normal hearts.
- Detailed examination of septal attachments of bridging leaflets.
Main Results:
- Malformed embryos exhibited inlet ventricular septal deficiency.
- Bridging leaflets were predominantly muscular with distinct superior and inferior components.
- Myocardial development anomalies prevented normal mitral valve formation.
Conclusions:
- Inlet septal deficiency is the primary cause of abnormal left valve morphology in AVSDs.
- Endocardial cushion tissue likely serves to integrate myocardial structures, influencing leaflet attachment variability.