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Self-Assembling Allochroic Nanocatalyst for Improving Nanozyme-Based Immunochromatographic Assays.

Yang Song1,2, Xiaoli Cai1,3, Grayson Ostermeyer4

  • 1School of Mechanical and Material Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States.

ACS Sensors
|January 12, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Self-assembling allochroic nanocatalyst (SAN) assemblies enhance lateral flow immunoassays (LFAs) for sensitive biomarker detection. This innovation improves quantitative accuracy and reduces steps for point-of-care diagnostics.

Keywords:
allochroic nanoparticlescardiac biomarkerin vitro diagnosticslateral flow assayoxidation activity

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Paper-based rapid diagnostic tests like lateral flow immunoassays (LFAs) offer convenience but require improved sensitivity and quantitative accuracy.
  • Nanozyme integration into LFAs presents a promising strategy to enhance analytical performance.
  • Current LFA methods often involve multiple liquid-handling steps, compromising accuracy and limiting point-of-care applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate self-assembling allochroic nanocatalyst (SAN) assemblies for improved LFA performance.
  • To optimize analyte-antibody reporting and chromogen activation for reduced liquid handling.
  • To demonstrate the utility of SAN-LFAs for sensitive and quantitative detection of cardiac biomarkers.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of SAN assemblies using hydrophobic chromogens as peroxidase substrates.
  • Integration of SANs into LFA platforms for biomarker detection.
  • Quantification of cardiac troponin I-troponin C (cTnI-TnC) and myoglobin (Myo) in plasma samples.

Main Results:

  • SAN-LFAs achieved low limits of detection: 0.012 ng/mL for cTnI-TnC and 0.2 ng/mL for Myo.
  • The SAN system optimized reporting and catalyzed chromogen activation, reducing liquid handling steps.
  • Demonstrated compatibility with blood samples and long-term storage stability.

Conclusions:

  • SAN assemblies offer a viable approach to enhance the analytical sensitivity and quantitative accuracy of LFAs.
  • SAN-LFAs show potential as valuable point-of-care diagnostic tools for biomarker detection.
  • The integration of SANs could inspire advancements in other immunochromatographic testing methods.