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Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, or CMRI, is a non-invasive diagnostic test that employs a magnetic field and radiofrequency waves to create precise images of the heart and arteries. It provides comprehensive information about cardiac anatomy, function, perfusion, and tissue characterization without ionizing radiation.IndicationsCMRI diagnoses various heart conditions, including tissue damage from heart attacks, ischemic heart disease, myocarditis, aortic issues (tears, aneurysms,...
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Introduction:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, or MRI, can include a specialized imaging technique of the urinary system known as Magnetic Resonance Urography (MRU). This radiation-free technique uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images with the help of a computer. MRU is particularly effective for visualizing fluid-filled structures like the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.Applications of MRI in the Genitourinary SystemKidneys and Ureters: MRI detects tumors, cysts,...
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Imaging Studies I: CT and MRI01:14

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Introduction: MRI and CT scans are crucial advancements in medical imaging techniques, playing a vital role in diagnosing conditions related to the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Each scan serves distinct purposes, targets specific areas, and requires unique nursing duties.
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[High-risk screening using magnetic resonance imaging].

Ulrich Bick1

  • 1Klinik für Radiologie, CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland. ulrich.bick@charite.de.

Der Radiologe
|January 12, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most sensitive tool for early breast cancer detection in high-risk individuals. Screening should be tailored based on individual risk, not solely age.

Keywords:
BRCA1 geneBreast cancerEarly detection of cancerHereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndromeUltrasonography

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Specialized breast cancer early detection programs utilizing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are established in several countries.
  • Germany has integrated such a high-risk screening program into routine care since 2005.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize current developments in high-risk breast cancer screening using MRI.
  • To review the efficacy and considerations for MRI-based screening programs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of the current scientific literature on breast cancer screening.
  • Analysis of over 10 years of experience from Germany's high-risk screening program.

Main Results:

  • Breast MRI is the most sensitive imaging modality for cancer detection in high-risk screening, identifying over 90% of cancers.
  • Over 30% of cancers are detected exclusively by MRI.
  • Low positive predictive value (2.9%) observed in women aged 30-39 without BRCA1/2 mutations highlights the need for risk stratification.

Conclusions:

  • MRI is the primary imaging tool for high-risk breast cancer screening, supplemented by mammography and/or ultrasound as needed.
  • For women with a strong family history but no identified genetic mutation, screening should commence when the 10-year breast cancer risk exceeds 5%, rather than routinely at age 30.