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Related Concept Videos

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers01:24

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers

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Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...
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Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

Polymer Classification: Architecture

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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
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Polymers02:34

Polymers

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers01:08

Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers

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Step growth polymerization involves bi or multifunctional monomers. Bifunctional monomers react to form linear step growth polymers, whereas multifunctional monomers react to form non-linear or branched polymers.
As the step-growth polymerization involves step-wise condensation of monomers, the molecular weight also builds up eventually. Consequently, high molecular weight polymers are obtained at the late stages of the polymerization, where 99% of monomers have been consumed.
The extent of the...
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Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)01:16

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)

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Ring-opening metathesis polymerization or ROMP involves strained cycloalkenes as starting materials. The mechanism of ROMP proceeds by reacting cycloalkene with Grubbs catalyst to give metallacyclobutane intermediate which undergoes a ring-opening reaction to form new carbene. The new carbene reacts with another molecule of cycloalkene. Repetition of these steps leads to the formation of an unsaturated open-chain polymer product. All these steps are reversible, however, relieving the ring...
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Fabrication of a Bioactive, PCL-based "Self-fitting" Shape Memory Polymer Scaffold
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Fabrication of a Bioactive, PCL-based "Self-fitting" Shape Memory Polymer Scaffold

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Biocompound-Based Multiple Shape Memory Polymers Reinforced by Photo-Cross-Linking.

Kaojin Wang1, Yong-Guang Jia1, X X Zhu1

  • 1Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada.

ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
|January 13, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed novel shape memory polymers using biological compounds. Photo-cross-linking enhanced dual, triple, and even quadruple shape memory effects, showing great potential for biomedical applications.

Keywords:
cholic acidcinnamate groupcopolymermultiple shape memory effectphoto-cross-linking

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Shape Memory Polymers for Active Cell Culture
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Synthesis of Programmable Main-chain Liquid-crystalline Elastomers Using a Two-stage Thiol-acrylate Reaction
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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Science
  • Materials Science
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Developing advanced shape memory polymers (SMPs) is crucial for biomedical applications.
  • Existing SMPs often require complex synthesis or exhibit limited shape recovery.
  • Incorporating biologically relevant molecules can enhance polymer properties and biocompatibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize novel methacrylate-based copolymers with pendant biological compounds (cholic acid, cinnamic acid) and oligo(ethylene glycol).
  • To investigate the shape memory behaviors (dual, triple) of these copolymers.
  • To enhance shape memory properties through photo-cross-linking using cinnamic acid moieties.

Main Methods:

  • Radical polymerization was employed to synthesize copolymers.
  • Shape memory properties were characterized by fixity and recovery ratios.
  • Photo-cross-linking was achieved via UV irradiation of terpolymers containing cinnamic acid.
  • Optimization of shape memory effects by varying irradiation times.

Main Results:

  • Synthesized copolymers exhibited broad and tunable glass transition temperatures, enabling dual and triple shape memory.
  • High fixity ratios (>91%) were achieved for dual and triple shape memory.
  • Photo-cross-linking significantly improved recovery ratios for dual (up to 98.6%) and triple (75.3-99.1%) shape memory.
  • Quadruple shape memory behavior was observed after light irradiation.

Conclusions:

  • Novel methacrylate-based copolymers with biological compounds demonstrate promising dual and triple shape memory properties.
  • Photo-cross-linking offers an effective strategy to enhance shape memory performance, enabling quadruple shape memory.
  • These advanced SMPs hold significant potential for sophisticated biomedical applications requiring precise shape control.