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High genetic diversity in Campylobacter concisus isolates from patients with microscopic colitis

Marta Emilie Yde Aagaard1,2, Karina Frahm Kirk3, Henrik Nielsen3,4

  • 1Department of Infectious Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital, Hobrovej 18-22, 9000, Aalborg, Denmark. marta.aagaard@rn.dk.

Gut Pathogens
|January 13, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Campylobacter concisus shows high genetic diversity, with distinct clusters linked to different intestinal diseases like inflammatory bowel disease and microscopic colitis. This research clarifies C. concisus genetic variations in patients and healthy individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genomics
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Campylobacter concisus is an emerging intestinal pathogen linked to prolonged diarrhea, inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), and microscopic colitis (MC).
  • Previous studies indicate significant genetic diversity within C. concisus isolates, with division into two main genomospecies (GS1 and GS2).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the genetic diversity of C. concisus isolates from microscopic colitis (MC) patients using multi-locus sequence typing (MLST).
  • To compare the phylogenetic relationships of MC isolates with isolates from diarrheal patients, IBD patients, and healthy controls (HC) using k-mer-based distance estimation.

Main Methods:

  • Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) was performed on 80 C. concisus isolates from MC biopsies and feces.
  • K-mer-based distance estimation was used to compare phylogenetic relatedness among 182 isolates (80 MC, 102 diarrheal/IBD/HC).

Main Results:

  • MLST identified high genetic diversity in MC isolates, with 72 novel sequence types.
  • K-mer analysis revealed two major phylogenetic clusters (GS1 and GS2) with distinct genome sizes and GC content.
  • Cluster 2 further divided into three subgroups, with one subgroup exclusively containing isolates from ulcerative colitis patients and healthy controls.

Conclusions:

  • C. concisus exhibits significant genetic diversity, with distinct phylogenetic clusters associated with different clinical presentations.
  • The genetic makeup of C. concisus may influence its role in various gastrointestinal diseases, including microscopic colitis and ulcerative colitis.
Keywords:
Campylobacter concisusGenetic diversityGenomospeciesInflammatory bowel diseaseMicroscopic colitisMulti-locus sequence typingPhylogenetic relatedness

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