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Sleep apnoea is a risk factor for severe COVID-19
Satu Strausz1,2,3, Tuomo Kiiskinen1,4, Martin Broberg1
1Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
BMJ Open Respiratory Research
|January 13, 2021
Summary
Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) does not increase the risk of contracting COVID-19. However, OSA is an independent risk factor for severe COVID-19, leading to higher hospitalization rates in infected individuals.
Area of Science:
- Medical research
- Epidemiology
- Sleep medicine
Background:
- Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) shares risk factors with severe COVID-19, including obesity, diabetes, older age, and male gender.
- These shared risk factors necessitate an investigation into OSA's independent role in COVID-19 outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is an independent risk factor for contracting COVID-19.
- To assess if OSA independently predicts severe COVID-19 outcomes, defined as hospitalization.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the FinnGen study (n=260,405) linking OSA diagnosis and COVID-19 infection.
- Employed multivariate logistic regression, adjusting for age, sex, BMI, and comorbidities.
- Conducted a meta-analysis with previous studies on OSA and severe COVID-19.
Main Results:
- Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) was not associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 infection (p=0.25).
- OSA independently predicted COVID-19 hospitalization (OR-adjusted=2.93, p=0.045).
- Meta-analysis confirmed OSA as a risk factor for severe COVID-19 (OR=2.37, p=0.021).
Conclusions:
- Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) does not elevate the risk of contracting COVID-19.
- OSA is identified as an independent risk factor for severe COVID-19, significantly increasing hospitalization risk.
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