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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

871
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
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Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

628
Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
628
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

5.6K
Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
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Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

3.5K
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
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Related Experiment Video

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Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo
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Immunotherapeutic strategies for sarcoma: current perspectives.

Xueyao Li1,2, Gangyang Wang1, Zhengdong Cai1

  • 1Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200080, China.

American Journal of Translational Research
|January 13, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Novel immunotherapies show promise for treating rare sarcomas. Research explores immune checkpoint inhibitors, vaccines, and cell therapies to improve patient survival and overcome limitations of traditional chemotherapy.

Keywords:
Tumor immune microenvironmentadoptive cell therapyclinical significanceimmune checkpoint inhibitorvaccine

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Magnetic Resonance-Guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound Generated Hyperthermia: A Feasible Treatment Method in a Murine Rhabdomyosarcoma Model
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A Mouse Model of Incompletely Resected Soft Tissue Sarcoma for Testing Neoadjuvant Therapies
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A Mouse Model of Incompletely Resected Soft Tissue Sarcoma for Testing Neoadjuvant Therapies
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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Sarcomas are rare cancers with over 100 subtypes, often diagnosed late and treated with ineffective chemotherapy.
  • Current treatments for advanced sarcomas yield poor long-term survival rates, necessitating innovative therapeutic approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of immunotherapy for sarcoma treatment.
  • To discuss the role of the immune microenvironment in sarcoma immunoresponsiveness.
  • To highlight advances in immune checkpoint inhibitors, vaccines, and adoptive cell therapies for sarcomas.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on sarcoma immunotherapy.
  • Analysis of the tumor immune microenvironment and its impact on treatment response.
  • Examination of emerging immunotherapy strategies and their clinical applications.

Main Results:

  • Immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, vaccines, and adoptive cell therapies, is a rapidly advancing field for sarcoma treatment.
  • Understanding the immune microenvironment is crucial for predicting and enhancing responses to immunotherapy.
  • Combination strategies involving immunotherapy show potential for improved efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • Immunotherapy offers a promising new avenue for improving outcomes in sarcoma patients.
  • Further research into immuno-oncology is essential for developing effective sarcoma treatments.
  • Targeting the immune system holds the key to overcoming the challenges posed by diverse sarcoma subtypes.