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An artifact-free thyroid shield in CT examination: a phantom study.

Heri Sutanto¹, Yulia Irdawati, Choirul Anam

¹Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Soedarto SH, Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Central Java, Indonesia.

Biomedical Physics & Engineering Express

|January 13, 2021

Summary

A new synthetic silicon rubber-lead thyroid shield effectively reduces radiation dose during neck CT scans. This shield offers significant dose reduction while maintaining excellent image quality, unlike other options that cause artifacts.

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Area of Science:

Medical Physics
Radiological Imaging
Materials Science

Background:

Computed Tomography (CT) necessitates effective radiation shielding for sensitive organs like the thyroid.
Existing thyroid shields, such as tungsten paper (WP) and Radibarrier, present limitations in balancing dose reduction and image quality.
Development of novel shielding materials is crucial for optimizing patient safety in CT examinations.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the dose reduction capabilities of a novel synthetic silicon rubber-lead (SR-Pb) composite thyroid shield.
To assess the impact of the SR-Pb shield on image quality in neck CT examinations.
To compare the performance of the SR-Pb shield against tungsten paper (WP) and Radibarrier shields.

Main Methods:

An anthropomorphic neck phantom underwent CT scanning with and without SR-Pb, WP, and Radibarrier thyroid shields.
Thyroid surface dose was measured using radiophotoluminescence (RPL) detectors.
Image quality was assessed by analyzing Hounsfield unit (HU) consistency and employing image subtraction to detect artifacts.

Main Results:

The SR-Pb shield demonstrated dose reduction, with a 34% decrease at 5 wt% lead content.
WP and Radibarrier shields offered higher dose reduction (36% and 67%, respectively).
However, WP and Radibarrier shields introduced significant artifacts, increasing posterior HU by 77% and 553%, respectively, while the SR-Pb shield caused only a 9% increase.

Conclusions:

The synthetic SR-Pb thyroid shield provides effective thyroid dose reduction in neck CT.
Crucially, the SR-Pb shield maintains diagnostic image quality by minimizing artifacts.
The SR-Pb shield is a suitable option for routine clinical use in CT examinations requiring thyroid protection.