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Screening and Identification of RNA Silencing Suppressors from Secreted Effectors of Plant Pathogens
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Silent control: microbial plant pathogens evade host immunity without coding sequence changes.

Han Chen1, Sylvain Raffaele2, Suomeng Dong1

  • 1Department of Plant Pathology and The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.

FEMS Microbiology Reviews
|January 13, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plant pathogens use sophisticated strategies beyond genetic mutations to evade host immunity. These include transcriptional and post-transcriptional modifications, crucial for understanding and managing plant diseases.

Keywords:
RNA processingchemical modificationgene silencingimmune evasionpathogenesisplant immunity

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Pathology
  • Microbial Pathogenesis
  • Plant Immunity

Background:

  • Plants and animals possess immune systems to combat microbial pathogens.
  • Pathogen evasion of host immunity is critical for successful infection.
  • Plant pathogens employ diverse strategies to circumvent host defenses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore plant pathogen strategies for evading host immune surveillance.
  • To highlight mechanisms beyond genetic code changes in pathogen immune evasion.
  • To underscore the importance of non-genomic variations in host-pathogen interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of pathogen strategies including masking, immune signaling interference, and response reprogramming.
  • Investigation of genetic variations (gain of virulence genes, sequence variations).
  • Examination of non-coding sequence variations at transcriptional, post-transcriptional, post-translational, and glycome levels.

Main Results:

  • Pathogens evade immunity through genetic changes (gene gain, sequence variations).
  • Non-coding variations (transcriptional, post-transcriptional, post-translational, glycome) are potent evasion mechanisms.
  • Biochemical modification of pathogen-associated molecular patterns and effector gene silencing hide pathogens from recognition.
  • Altered mRNA processing enhances pathogen resilience to environmental changes.
  • These mechanisms are enzyme-modulated and undetectable by genomics alone.

Conclusions:

  • Pathogens utilize diverse, non-genomic strategies to evade host immunity.
  • Understanding these novel evasion mechanisms is key to comprehending plant diseases.
  • This knowledge facilitates the development of rational disease management strategies for global food security.