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Ocular side effects of checkpoint inhibitors
Carmen Alba-Linero1, Emilio Alba2
1Hospital Regional Universitario Málaga, Málaga, Spain; Departamento Oftalmología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
Survey of Ophthalmology
|January 13, 2021
Summary
Ocular side effects from immune checkpoint inhibitors are often overlooked in clinical trials. Early eye exams and corticosteroid treatment can improve visual outcomes for patients experiencing these toxicities.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Ophthalmology
- Immunology
Background:
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are revolutionizing cancer treatment.
- Ocular side effects of ICIs are not well-defined.
- Understanding these toxicities is crucial for patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define the incidence and impact of ocular side effects in patients treated with ICIs.
- To review ocular toxicities reported in clinical trials and case studies.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of prospective phase III clinical trials involving ICIs in lung cancer, renal cell cancer, and melanoma.
- Inclusion of case reports detailing ocular toxicities in patients receiving ICIs.
Main Results:
- Ocular toxicity was reported in only 4 of 35 phase III ICI trials.
- 46 clinical cases of ocular toxicity post-ICI therapy were documented.
- Most common toxicities include uveitis, inflammatory orbital disease, and ocular surface alterations.
Conclusions:
- Ocular toxicity associated with ICIs is likely underestimated in clinical trials.
- Prompt ophthalmic evaluation and prompt corticosteroid treatment are recommended.
- Early intervention may significantly improve the visual prognosis for affected patients.
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