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Bacteriotherapy for inflammatory bowel disease

Yusuke Yoshimatsu1, Yohei Mikami1, Takanori Kanai2

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.

Inflammation and Regeneration
|January 14, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Environmental changes are increasing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by disrupting gut microbiota. Bacteriotherapy offers a promising approach to restore microbial balance and treat IBD.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Microbiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Rising incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in developed nations.
  • Environmental factors, not genetics, are primary drivers of IBD.
  • Modernization negatively impacts gut probiotics, promoting pathobionts and leading to dysbiosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive and accessible review of bacteriotherapy.
  • To explore bacteriotherapy as a treatment for inflammatory bowel disease.
  • To discuss the role of gut microbiota in IBD pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature on bacteriotherapy and IBD.
  • Analysis of the impact of environmental changes on gut microbiota composition.
  • Examination of fecal microbiome transplantation as a precedent for bacteriotherapy.

Main Results:

  • Dysbiosis, or imbalanced gut microbiota, is strongly linked to increased IBD incidence.
  • Bacteriotherapy demonstrates potential for both preventing and treating IBD.
  • Fecal microbiome transplantation serves as a successful model for microbial restoration therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Environmental changes significantly contribute to the IBD epidemic via gut dysbiosis.
  • Bacteriotherapy represents a promising therapeutic strategy for IBD.
  • Restoring a healthy gut microbiota is crucial for managing and potentially curing IBD.
Keywords:
BacteriotherapyClostridioides (Clostridium) difficile infectionDysbiosisFecal microbiome transplantationPrebioticsProbiotics

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