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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 21, 2025

Development and Assessment of Intracellular Infection Models for Staphylococcus aureus
08:32

Development and Assessment of Intracellular Infection Models for Staphylococcus aureus

Published on: January 17, 2025

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An in vitro study on Staphylococcus schweitzeri virulence.

Almut Grossmann1, Neele J Froböse1, Alexander Mellmann1,2

  • 1Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.

Scientific Reports
|January 14, 2021
PubMed
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Staphylococcus schweitzeri, found in African wildlife, shows virulence similar to Staphylococcus aureus. This bacterium may emerge as a significant zoonotic pathogen, posing a future public health concern.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Pathogen Discovery
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Staphylococcus schweitzeri is part of the Staphylococcus aureus complex, primarily identified in African wildlife.
  • Its medical significance remains unclear due to a lack of reported human infections.
  • Understanding its pathogenic potential is crucial for public health surveillance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the in vitro virulence of Staphylococcus schweitzeri isolates from African wildlife.
  • To compare the virulence factors of S. schweitzeri with common African Staphylococcus aureus clonal complexes.
  • To assess the potential of S. schweitzeri as an emerging zoonotic pathogen.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of S. schweitzeri (n=58) and S. aureus isolates from Africa.

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  • In vitro assays for bacterial invasion, cytotoxicity (intra- and extracellular), coagulase activity, biofilm formation, and host cell activation.
  • Whole genome sequencing for phylogenetic analysis and geographical clustering.
  • Phagolysosomal escape assays.

    • Main Results:

    • S. schweitzeri exhibited comparable host cell invasion and activation to S. aureus.
    • Extracellular cytotoxicity was higher in S. schweitzeri than in S. aureus.
    • Most S. schweitzeri isolates (18/20) demonstrated the ability to escape phagolysosomes.
    • Whole genome sequencing identified five geographical clusters for S. schweitzeri, with human isolates found in two clades.

    Conclusions:

    • Certain S. schweitzeri isolates possess virulence comparable to African S. aureus strains.
    • S. schweitzeri demonstrates significant pathogenic potential, including enhanced extracellular cytotoxicity and phagolysosomal escape.
    • This bacterium warrants further investigation as a potential emerging zoonotic pathogen within the Staphylococcus genus.