Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF01:24

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF

302
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab...
302
Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management01:29

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management

302
Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
302
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

871
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
871
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Calcium Channel Blockers01:26

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Calcium Channel Blockers

317
Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are two critical categories of drugs employed in the treatment of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). PAH is a disease that causes high blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries, resulting in chest pain, fatigue, and shortness of breath.
TKIs, such as imatinib (Gleevec), are particularly effective in tackling the growth and mitogenic factors that become upregulated in PAH patients. These factors contribute to the...
317
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids

296
Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2...
296
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

323
Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
323

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Prognostic value of quantifying vascular inflammation through ultrasound in patients with giant cell arteritis: the MAGiCUS study.

Rheumatology (Oxford, England)·2026
Same author

Differentiating the COVID-19 Infection and Vaccine Experiences of Patients With Systemic, Single Organ, and Overlap Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Disease: Protocol for a Secondary Analysis for Enhancing COVID-19 Vaccine Pharmacovigilance.

JMIR research protocols·2026
Same author

ANCA-associated vasculitis in the United Arab Emirates: a 17-year case series with review from Gulf literature.

Annals of Saudi medicine·2026
Same author

Predictors of long-term mortality from a 23-year database of emergency medical admissions.

Irish journal of medical science·2025
Same author

Current Insights and Future Perspectives for the Use of Serological Biomarkers in Polymyalgia Rheumatica.

Journal of inflammation research·2025
Same author

Elevated levels of serum angiopoietin-1, IL-17, osteopontin and CXCL-9 as markers of vascular inflammation in newly diagnosed PMR.

Rheumatology (Oxford, England)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 21, 2025

An Immunohistopathologic Study to Profile the Folate Receptor Beta Macrophage and Vascular Immune Microenvironment in Giant Cell Arteritis
06:35

An Immunohistopathologic Study to Profile the Folate Receptor Beta Macrophage and Vascular Immune Microenvironment in Giant Cell Arteritis

Published on: February 8, 2019

7.4K

Biologic Therapies for Giant Cell Arteritis.

Robert Harrington1, Shamma Ahmad Al Nokhatha1, Richard Conway1

  • 1Department of Rheumatology, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.

Biologics : Targets & Therapy
|January 14, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) treatment is evolving beyond glucocorticoids. Tocilizumab shows promise, and this review explores other biologics like ustekinumab and JAK inhibitors for GCA management.

Keywords:
biologicsgiant cell arteritisglucocorticoids

More Related Videos

Adoptive Immunotherapy of iNKT Cells in Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase G6PI-Induced RA Mice
08:43

Adoptive Immunotherapy of iNKT Cells in Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase G6PI-Induced RA Mice

Published on: January 31, 2020

7.1K
An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice
07:37

An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice

Published on: June 6, 2025

710

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 21, 2025

An Immunohistopathologic Study to Profile the Folate Receptor Beta Macrophage and Vascular Immune Microenvironment in Giant Cell Arteritis
06:35

An Immunohistopathologic Study to Profile the Folate Receptor Beta Macrophage and Vascular Immune Microenvironment in Giant Cell Arteritis

Published on: February 8, 2019

7.4K
Adoptive Immunotherapy of iNKT Cells in Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase G6PI-Induced RA Mice
08:43

Adoptive Immunotherapy of iNKT Cells in Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase G6PI-Induced RA Mice

Published on: January 31, 2020

7.1K
An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice
07:37

An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice

Published on: June 6, 2025

710

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Giant cell arteritis (GCA) has historically relied on glucocorticoids for treatment.
  • Conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (csDMARDs) have demonstrated limited efficacy in GCA.
  • Emerging research highlights the role of cytokines (IL-6, IL-12, IL-23, IL-1β) and signaling pathways (JAK/STAT) in GCA pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current evidence for biologic agents in treating giant cell arteritis.
  • To discuss the potential roles of various biologics, including tocilizumab, ustekinumab, abatacept, and JAK inhibitors.
  • To present a treatment algorithm for GCA based on available evidence.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing evidence for biologic agents in GCA.
  • Detailed discussion of specific biologics and their mechanisms.
  • Development of a GCA treatment algorithm.

Main Results:

  • Tocilizumab is the first biologic agent to demonstrate significant impact in GCA treatment.
  • Several other biologics, including ustekinumab and JAK inhibitors, are under investigation and show potential.
  • A comprehensive treatment algorithm is proposed based on current evidence.

Conclusions:

  • Biologic therapies represent a significant advancement in GCA treatment, offering alternatives to long-term glucocorticoid use.
  • Further research and clinical trials are essential to fully elucidate the efficacy and safety of emerging biologics for GCA.
  • The proposed treatment algorithm aims to guide clinicians in selecting appropriate biologic therapies for GCA patients.