Zero-contrast percutaneous coronary intervention for chronic total occlusions guided by intravascular ultrasound with

Chen-Yang Chen1, Wei Huang1, Jun Liu1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.

Insights

This study demonstrates the successful use of zero-contrast percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for complex coronary artery disease in a patient with contrast allergy. This approach offers a safe alternative when contrast media use is contraindicated.

Area of Science:

  • Interventional Cardiology
  • Cardiovascular Imaging

Background:

  • Contrast agent allergy poses a significant risk for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), particularly those with complex coronary lesions.
  • Severe adverse events associated with contrast agents can preclude PCI, necessitating alternative strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of successful zero-contrast PCI in a patient with a history of contrast allergy and complex coronary artery disease.
  • To highlight the feasibility and safety of performing PCI without iodinated contrast media in selected, well-prepared patients.

Main Methods:

  • A 59-year-old male patient with multi-vessel disease and contrast allergy underwent a two-stage zero-contrast PCI.
  • Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) was utilized for lesion assessment and stent placement guidance, including identification of the chronic total occlusion (CTO) entry point.
  • ChromaFlo imaging was employed post-PCI to confirm stent expansion and assess for edge dissection or incomplete apposition.

Main Results:

  • The zero-contrast PCI procedure was successfully completed without any complications.
  • Intravascular ultrasound and ChromaFlo imaging confirmed adequate stent deployment and vessel patency.
  • The patient tolerated the procedure well, avoiding the risks associated with contrast agents.

Conclusions:

  • Zero-contrast PCI is a feasible and safe alternative for carefully selected patients with contrast agent allergy and complex coronary lesions.
  • This case underscores the importance of advanced imaging techniques like IVUS in facilitating contrast-sparing interventions.
  • The successful management of CTO lesions without contrast highlights potential advancements in interventional cardiology for high-risk patients.
Abstract