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Updated: Nov 21, 2025

Evaluating the Function of the Foot Core System in the Elderly
Published on: March 11, 2022
Polydactyly of the Foot: A Review
Derek M Kelly1, Karim Mahmoud, Benjamin M Mauck
1From the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee-Campbell Clinic, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN.
Abstract:
Pediatric foot polydactyly presents in a wide variety of deformities from single extra digits attached only by a narrow soft-tissue connection to complex central foot duplications with tarsal bone duplication. The goal of surgical reconstruction is a stable, mobile, pain-free foot with five cosmetically appealing toes that allows for normal footwear and painless ambulation. This review covers the incidence, genetics and embryology, classification, presentation and natural history, physical examination, radiographic assessment, and surgical intervention for all types of foot polydactyly.
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