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Effectiveness and Challenges in Local Self-Governance: Multifunctional Autonomy in Japan.

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Summary

Multifunctional autonomy in local self-governance (LSG) improved healthy life expectancy for older men in rural Japan. Challenges include aging populations and intergenerational gaps, requiring collaboration for sustainability.

Keywords:
agingcommunity workempowermentlocal self-governmentmultifunctional autonomyrural

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Gerontology
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Local self-governance (LSG) involves policy decentralization and community organizing for local wellbeing.
  • Multifunctional autonomy, a form of LSG, empowers citizens to manage communities with government support.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify the impact of multifunctional autonomy on healthy life expectancy in rural Japanese communities.
  • To assess the advantages and challenges associated with multifunctional autonomy.

Main Methods:

  • Mixed-methods approach combining quantitative and qualitative data.
  • Comparison of disability-free life expectancy from 65 years (DFLE-65) in two rural Japanese cities.
  • Cost-effectiveness analysis and thematic analysis of questionnaire data.

Main Results:

  • Older men in a city with multifunctional autonomy showed improved DFLE-65.
  • Cost-effectiveness analysis indicated 61,147 yen per DFLE-65.
  • Thematic analysis revealed new roles and improved community relationships for older men.

Conclusions:

  • Multifunctional autonomy positively impacts healthy life expectancy, particularly for older men.
  • Sustainability challenges include an aging society, generation gaps, and limited government-community understanding.
  • Collaboration across generations and between communities and governments is crucial for sustainable LSG.