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Effectiveness and Challenges in Local Self-Governance: Multifunctional Autonomy in Japan
Ryuichi Ohta1, Yoshinori Ryu1, Daisuke Kataoka2
1Community Care, Unnan City Hospital, Unnan City 699-1221, Shimane, Japan.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|January 15, 2021
Summary
Multifunctional autonomy in local self-governance (LSG) improved healthy life expectancy for older men in rural Japan. Challenges include aging populations and intergenerational gaps, requiring collaboration for sustainability.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Gerontology
- Sociology
Background:
- Local self-governance (LSG) involves policy decentralization and community organizing for local wellbeing.
- Multifunctional autonomy, a form of LSG, empowers citizens to manage communities with government support.
Purpose of the Study:
- To clarify the impact of multifunctional autonomy on healthy life expectancy in rural Japanese communities.
- To assess the advantages and challenges associated with multifunctional autonomy.
Main Methods:
- Mixed-methods approach combining quantitative and qualitative data.
- Comparison of disability-free life expectancy from 65 years (DFLE-65) in two rural Japanese cities.
- Cost-effectiveness analysis and thematic analysis of questionnaire data.
Main Results:
- Older men in a city with multifunctional autonomy showed improved DFLE-65.
- Cost-effectiveness analysis indicated 61,147 yen per DFLE-65.
- Thematic analysis revealed new roles and improved community relationships for older men.
Conclusions:
- Multifunctional autonomy positively impacts healthy life expectancy, particularly for older men.
- Sustainability challenges include an aging society, generation gaps, and limited government-community understanding.
- Collaboration across generations and between communities and governments is crucial for sustainable LSG.
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