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Differentiated thyroid microcarcinoma current perspective.

J Šafránek, V Třeška, T Skalický

    Rozhledy V Chirurgii : Mesicnik Ceskoslovenske Chirurgicke Spolecnosti
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    Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) microcarcinoma shows excellent survival rates. Hemithyroidectomy may be sufficient for early-stage, unifocal cases without lymph node involvement, offering a good prognosis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Surgical Pathology

    Background:

    • Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) has a favorable prognosis and low mortality, with a notable increase in microcarcinoma incidence.
    • Thyroid microcarcinomas (T1a, ≤10 mm) represent a significant subset of DTC cases.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the overall survival rates of patients with differentiated thyroid microcarcinoma.
    • To review contemporary therapeutic approaches for DTC.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective analysis of patient survival data from thyroid surgeries for differentiated microcarcinoma between 2006 and the present.
    • Inclusion of an overview of current treatment modalities.

    Main Results:

    • DTC was diagnosed in 8% of 1820 thyreopathy surgeries; microcarcinoma accounted for 45.1% of these DTC cases (65 cases).
    • Papillary and follicular forms were the most common microcarcinomas.
    • The 10-year overall survival for microcarcinoma exceeded 90%, compared to 86% for larger carcinomas (>T1).

    Conclusions:

    • Differentiated thyroid microcarcinoma demonstrates a very good overall survival rate.
    • Hemithyroidectomy is a sufficient and often preferred surgical option for unifocal microcarcinoma without capsular invasion or nodal metastasis.