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Related Concept Videos

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The quantity that describes the deformation of a body under stress is known as strain. Strain is given as a fractional change in either length, volume, or geometry under tensile, volume (also known as bulk), or shear stress, respectively, and is a dimensionless quantity. The strain experienced by a body under tensile or compressive stress is called tensile or compressive strain, respectively. In contrast, the strain experienced under bulk stress and shear stress is known as volume and shear...
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Evaluating Young's Modulus of Single Yeast Cells Based on Compression Using an Atomic Force Microscope with a Flat

Di Chang1, Takahiro Hirate1, Chihiro Uehara2

  • 1Department of Micro-Nano Mechanical Science and Engineering, Nagoya University, Room 108, Aerospace Mechanical Engineering Research Building, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi464-8603, Japan.

Microscopy and Microanalysis : the Official Journal of Microscopy Society of America, Microbeam Analysis Society, Microscopical Society of Canada
|January 15, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Researchers used atomic force microscopy (AFM) with a flat tip to measure the stiffness of whole yeast cells. This novel method provides more accurate Young

Keywords:
Young's modulusatomic force microscopycompressionmicrofluidic chipyeast cell

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Mechanical properties of single yeast cells are crucial for understanding cellular functions.
  • Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a common technique for measuring cell mechanical properties.
  • Conventional AFM methods using sharp tips can introduce errors and may not represent whole-cell stiffness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a more accurate method for measuring the Young's modulus of whole yeast cells.
  • To compare the results obtained using a flat AFM tip with those from a sharp tip and a microfluidic system.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized atomic force microscopy (AFM) with a unique flat tip cantilever for cell compression.
  • Measured force-deformation curves of whole yeast cells (Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4741).
  • Compared results with measurements from a commercial sharp tip and a microfluidic chip compression system.

Main Results:

  • The flat AFM tip effectively avoided tip-derived errors, unlike the sharp tip.
  • AFM measurements using the flat tip yielded results comparable to the microfluidic chip compression system.
  • Demonstrated differences in results when using sharp versus flat tips on poly(dimethylsiloxane) beads.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed AFM method with a flat tip is effective for evaluating the Young's modulus of whole yeast cells.
  • This approach minimizes errors associated with tip geometry, providing a more accurate representation of cell stiffness.
  • The findings suggest a more reliable way to assess the mechanical properties of microbial cells.